code · How-To
Breaking Enigma with Index of Coincidence on a Commodore 64
The Bombe needs a crib. What if you don’t have one? Index of coincidence measures how much an output looks like real language vs random noise. …
code · How-To
Enigma Ring Settings on the Commodore 64
Ring settings multiply Enigma’s keyspace by 17,576. We add them to our C64 emulator, see why brute force alone can’t keep up, and set the …
code · How-To
Breaking Enigma on the Commodore 64
The Commodore 64 searches nearly six million Enigma M3 configurations to find the one that matches a known plaintext crib. First the concept, then …
code · How-To
Enigma Emulator on the Commodore 64
A working Enigma M3 emulator on the Commodore 64. First in BASIC for clarity, then in 6502 assembly for speed. Eight rotors with dual notches, …
retro · Enigma
The Math Behind Enigma
Why German cryptographers believed Enigma was unbreakable, and why Allied codebreakers ultimately proved them wrong.